-American Railway Engineering and Maintenance of Way Association (AREMA), (2006), Manual of Railway Engineering.
-Aghaei Araei, A., (2018), “Assessment behavior of steel slag materials as railway ballast and sub ballast under dynamic and monotonic loading conditions”, Reseach Report, BHRC (In Persian).
-Indraratna, B. and Salim, W., (2001), “Shear strength and degradation characteristics of railway ballast”, Proc. 14th Southeast Asian Geotechnical Conference, Hong Kong, Vol.1, pp.521-526.
-Indraratna, B., Ionescu, D. and Christie, H.D., (1998), “Shear behaviorof railway ballast based on large scale triaxial tests”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineerin, ASCE, Vol.124, No.5, pp.439-449.
-NSA, www.nationalslagassoc.org.
-Rahmani ,I., Aghaei Araei, A., Attarchian, N., Salamat, A.S., Hasani, H., (2018) “Effect of saturation, particle size and steel slag origin on technical characteristic of engineering filling, Reseach Report, BHRC (In Persian).
-Rohrman, A.K., and C.L. Ho., (2018), “Labotatory evaluation of naturalyy abraded ballast behavior and properties”, Proceedings of the 2018 Joint Rail Conference, JRC2018- 6206, April 18-20, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Anderson, W.F. and Fair, P., (2008), “Behavior of railroad ballast under monotonic and cyclic loading”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, ASCE, Vol.134, No.3, pp.316-327.
- Bian, X., Jiang, J., Jin ,W., Sun, D., Li, W. and Li X., (2016), “Cyclic and post cyclic triaxial testing of ballast and subballast”, Journal Mater. Civ. Eng., ASCE, 04016032, pp.11 .
-Marsal, R.J., (1973), “Mechanical properties of rockfill, embankment dam engineering”, Casagrande Vol. Wiley, New York,
pp.109-200.
-Ngo, N.T., Indraratna, I., Ferreira, F.B. and Rujikiatkamjorn, C., (2018), “Improved performance of geosynthetics enhanced ballast: laboratory and numerical studies”, Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Ground Improvement, pp.1-21, Paper 170005, doi.org/10.1680/jgrim.17.00051.
- Selig, E. T. and Waters, J. M., (1994), “Track geotechnology and substructure management”, London: Thomas Telford.
- Petriaev, A., Konona, A. and Solovyov, V. (2017), “Performance of ballast layer reinforced with geosynthetics in terms of heavy axle load operation”, Procedia Engineering, Vol.189, pp. 654- 659.
-Ngo, N.T., Indraratna, B., (2017), “Interface behavior of geogrid-reinforced sub-ballast: laboratory and discrete element modeling”, Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Seoul,
pp.475- 481.
- Esmaeili, M., Aela, P. and Hosseini, A., (2017), “Experimental assessment of cyclic behavior of sand-fouled ballast mixed with tire derived aggregates”, Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Vol.98, pp.1-11.
- Qi, Y., Indraratna, B., Heitor, A. and Vinod, J.S., (2018), “Effect of rubber crumbs on the cyclic behavior of steel furnace slag and coal wash mixtures”, Journal Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., Vo.144, No.2, 04017107.
-Iran 301 code, (2005), “Railway superstructure general technical specification” (In Persian).
-Iran 394 code, (2006), “Instruction for design and supervising of high speed railroad pavement”, (In Persian).
-Aghaei Araei, A., Razeghi, H.R., Ghalandarzadeh, A., Tabatabaei, S.H., (2012), “Effects of loading rate and initial stress state on stress-strain behavior of rockfill materials under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions”, Scientia Iranica, Trans. A, Civil Eng., Vol.19, No.5, pp.1220-1235.
-ASTM C127-15, (2015), “Standard test method for relative density (specific gravity) and absorption of coarse aggregate”.
-ASTM D854-14, (2014), “Standard test method for specific gravity of soil solids by water pycnometer.
-ASTM D4253-14, (2014), “Standard test methods for maximum index density and unit weight of soils using a vibratory table”.
-Indraratna, B., Nimbalkar, S., Christie, D., Rujikiatkamjorn, C., and Vinod, J., (2010), “Field assessment of the performance of a ballasted rail track with and without geosynthetics”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.136, No.7, pp.907-917.
-Navaratnarajah, S.K. and Indraratna, B., (2018), “Use of rubber mats to improve the deformation and degradation behavior of rail ballast under cyclic loading”, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol.143, No.6, 0417015.
-Esmaeili, M. Rezaei, N., (2014), “Investigation of TDA effect on reduction of train induced vibration”, Journal of Transportation Research, Vol.11, No.1,
pp.1-15. (In Persian).
-Stark, T.D. and Wilk, S.T., (2018), “Review of size and loading conditions for large-scale triaxial testing, Railroad Ballast Testing and Properties”, ASTM STP1605, T. D. Stark, R. Szecsy, and R. H. Swan, Jr., Eds., ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, pp.152–162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/STP160520170025