With entering container into transportation area, this area has experienced a huge change.
However, the imbalance problem between the input and output containers exists in ports until
now. This imbalance between import and export of goods has created a problem called
Empty Container. In this paper, due to the theoretical and practical issue challenges in the
problem, the reposition of empty containers under certain and uncertain conditions of some
problem parameters is investigated. At first, a new model of two-objective planning of
reposition of empty containers under certain conditions was presented for the first time in the
literature. Thereafter, in order to reduce the effects of uncertain parameter fluctuation under
various scenarios in the real world, a combinational approach of robust optimization and risk
management is used. The reposition of empty containers robust model is presented by
considering uncertainty of several problem parameters like demand and supply as well as
loading and unloading capacity under three different scenarios which those probable
scenarios are determined using risk management method. In order to evaluate and validate the
both presented models, the data from Iran maritime port network are used. The computational
results indicate the appropriate performance of proposed deterministic model, efficiency of
proposed robust model under uncertainty conditions, and also the importance of using robust
optimization approach in creating reposition of empty containers robust plans under uncertain
conditions.