A New Mathematical Programming Model for a Vehicle Routing Problem in a Competitive Environment: A Real Case Study

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Abstract

Transportation, which has a specific division in production economics and service systems, has a great value in a gross national product (GNP) in every country. Thus, most researchers worked on improving routes, omitting unimportant transportations, or replacing shortcut routes. For these reasons, they have developed a traveling salesman problem (TSP) and a vehicle routing problem (VRP). The classical and deterministic VRP seeks routes with the lowest cost from...

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