The main problem addressed in this study is to determine the locations of dry ports in Iran’s freight transportation network in such a way that, while satisfying hub capacity constraints and allowing multiple allocation of flows, the total transportation cost and time are minimized. In this study, a mixed-integer programming model is developed for a multimodal, multi-objective, capacitated, multiple-allocation hub location problem of the (p+q) type. The network under consideration includes two transportation modes, namely road and rail, and the two objective functions of the model are to minimize the total transportation cost and total transportation time. Considering fluctuations in freight demand, the demand between origin–destination pairs is treated as an uncertain parameter, and the Bertsimas–Sim robust optimization approach is employed. Furthermore, to incorporate preferences among transportation modes, the criteria of cost, time, and safety are weighted using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the resulting output is used as a preference index in the Logit model. The epsilon-constraint method is employed to generate nondominated solutions and construct the Pareto frontier. A case study is conducted on a network comprising 20 nodes in Iran. At the selected Pareto solution with =0.835 the total transportation cost and total transportation time are obtained as 64,799,861 USD and 19,707,401 hours, respectively. Compared with the direct transportation network, the total cost is reduced by 505,589 USD, equivalent to 0.774%, while the total transportation time is reduced by 207,893 hours, equivalent to 1.044%. The baseline location results indicate that road dry ports are located in Tehran, Tabriz, Mashhad, Ahvaz, Shiraz, Kerman, Kermanshah, Rasht, Bandar Abbas, and Yazd, while rail dry ports are located in Isfahan, Tabriz, Tehran, Mashhad, Ahvaz, Shiraz, Gorgan, Sari, Bandar Abbas, and Yazd.