مسیریابی پایدار وسایل نقلیه ناهمگن با تحویل و برداشت همزمان با لحاظ نمودن فاکتورهای اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و اجتماعی به صورت یکپارچه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

10.22034/tri.2021.84266

چکیده

در این مقاله به معرفی مسئله مسیریابی پایدار وسایل نقلیه ناهمگن در یک شبکه با جریانهای مستقیم و معکوس میپردازیم، جایی که فاکتورهای مختلف اقتصادی، زیست محیطی و اجتماعی در قالب یک مدل ریاضی برنامه ریزی عددصحیح مختلط خطی دو هدفه لحاظ می شوند. هدف مسئله طراحی مسیرهای سرویس دهی و تعیین سرعت بهینه وسایل حمل و نقل به گونه ای می باشد که از یک سو میزان سوخت مصرفی و به تبع آن آلودگی های ناشی از فرایند حمل و نقل حداقل شود و از سوی دیگر و در جهت ایجاد رضایتمندی بین رانندگان، بار کاری وسایل حمل و نقل مختلف از نظر مدت زمان فعالیت بالانس باشد. برای تخمین میزان سوخت مصرفی از تابع جامعی استفاده شده است که در آن میزان سوخت مصرفی تابعی از مسافت طی شده همچنین سرعت، میزان بار و مشخصه های فنی وسیله نقلیه، می باشد. جهت حل مسئله به فرم دقیق از روش حدی تقویت شده استفاده می شود، همچنین برای حل مسئله در ابعاد بزرگ دو الگوریتم فراابتکاری چندهدفه مبتنی بر الگوریتم ژنتیک و الگوریتم آتش بازی توسعه داده شده است. برای افزایش کارایی الگوریتمهای یاد شده از یک متد جستجوی محلی نیز در ساختار آنها استفاده شده است. نتایج حل مثال های مختلف نشان دهنده عملکرد بهتر الگوریتم آتش بازی است. همچنین تحلیل نقاط پارتو نشان می دهد با افزایش حدودا یک درصدی در هزینه سوخت، می توان طولانی ترین تور را حتی تا بیش از 20 درصد و پراکندگی بین مدت زمان کارکرد ماشین های مختلف را تا 15 درصد کاهش داد. همچنین این پراکندگی با افزایش 3 درصد در مصرف سوخت می تواند تا 25 درصد کاهش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Sustainable routing of heterogeneous vehicles with simultaneous pickup and delivery considering economic, environmental and social factors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mehrdad Mirzabaghi 1
  • Fariborz Jolai 2
  • Jafar Razmi 2
  • reza Tavakkoli-Moghaddam 2
1 Ph.D. Student, School of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Professor, School of Industrial Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In this paper, we introduce the sustainable routing problem in a network with forward and reverse flows, in which different economic, environmental and social factors are considered in a bi-objective mixed integer linear programming mathematical model. The purpose of the problem is to design the service routes and determine the optimal speed of vehicles in such a way that, on the one hand, the amount of fuel consumed and, consequently, pollution caused by the transportation process are minimized, and on the other hand, in order to create satisfaction among drivers, the workload of different vehicles in terms of the duration of tour is balanced. A comprehensive function is used to estimate the amount of fuel consumed, in which the amount of fuel consumed is a function of the distance traveled as well as the speed, load, and technical characteristics of the vehicle. In order to solve the problem optimally, the augmented epsilon constraint method is used. Also, for solving large-scale instances, two multi-objective meta-heuristic algorithms based on genetic algorithm and fireworks algorithm have been developed. In order to increase the efficiency of these algorithms, a local search method is also used in their structure. The results of solving various examples represent a better performance of the fireworks algorithm. Also analysis of the pareto-front shows that with a one percent increase in fuel cost, the longest tour can be reduced by more than 20% and the difference between the running times of different machines is reduced by 15%. This difference can also be reduced by up to 25% by increasing fuel consumption by 3%.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainability
  • Green VRP
  • Speed Optimization
  • Multi-Objective Optimization
  • Metaheuristics

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پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل
دوره 18، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 66
فروردین 1400
صفحه 227-250

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