ارزیابی عملکرد ایمنی راه در ایران و کشورهای در حال توسعه با استفاده از روش‌های فرارتبه‌ای

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بین‌المللی امام خمینی، قزوین، ایران

چکیده

مقایسه و ارزیابی عملکرد ایمنی راه در سطح فر­املی عملی شایسته است، چرا که با این مقایسه هر کشوری می­تواند به درک بهتر و عمیق­تری از وضعیت ایمنی راه­های خود دست یابد. در این مطالعه، زیرمجموعه­ای از روش­های تصمیم­گیری چندمعیاره با عنوان روش­های فرارتبه­ای شامل دو روش پرومته و الکتره به منظور ارزیابی عملکرد ایمنی راه به کار گرفته شده است.در این روش­ها، روش فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی برای به دست آوردن وزن شاخص­ها به کار گرفته می­شود، که این اوزان به دست آمده به عنوان وزن ورودی در مدل پرومته و الکتره استفاده می­شود. روش­های مورد استفاده برای ایران و مجموعه­ای از کشورهای در حال توسعه با هدف بررسی وضعیت ایران نسبت به سایرین به کار گرفته شده است. سپس نتایج به دست آمده با شاخص تعداد تلفات جاده­ای در هر یکصد هزار نفر برای این کشورها به عنوان نقطه مرجع مربوطه­، مقایسه می­شود. با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده مشخص شد که در بین پنج رکن ایمنی راه،رکن مدیریت ایمنی راه دارای بیشترین اهمیت و رکن مراقبت بعد از سانحه دارای کمترین اهمیت است. همچنین، زیرمعیار نهاد راهبر در رکن مدیریت ایمنی راه بیشترین اهمیت و زیرمعیار صندلی کودک از رکن کاربران ایمن راه کمترین اهمیت را از دید کارشناسان دارد. در بین 15 کشور مورد بررسی، کشور لهستان رتبه اول را کسب کردهو بهترین عملکرد را دارد. در این بین، کشور ایران رتبه 13 را به خود اختصاص داد که بیان­گر عملکرد نسبتاً بد کشور ایران نسبت به سایر کشورها است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Road Safety Performance Evaluation in Iran and Developing Countries using Outranking Methods

نویسندگان [English]

  • Shadi Sarikhani 1
  • Hamid Reza Behnood 2
  • Amir Abbas Rassafi 3
1 M.Sc.,‌Grad., Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
3 Associate Professor, Faculty of Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
چکیده [English]

Comparing and evaluating the road safety performance is desirable in trans-national levels, because each country can achieve a better and deeper understanding of its road safety status. In this study, a subset of multi-criteria decision-making methods, called the outranking methods, including PROMETHEE and ELECTRE methods was used to evaluate the road safety performance. In these methods, the Analytical Hierarchy Process method is used to obtain the weights of the indicators, which are used as input weights in the PROMETHEE and ELECTRE models. The methods were used for Iran and a set of developing countries in order to examine the situation in Iran compared to the others. Then, the results being compared with the number of road fatalities per hundred thousand people for these countries as the reference point. According to the results it was found that, among the five road safety pillars, the pillar of road safety management is the most important and the pillar of post-crash response is the least important one. Also, the lead agency sub-pillar is the highest importance in the road safety management pillar and the child restraint sub-pillar is the least importance in the safer road users pillar from expert's point of view. Among the 15 countries studied in this study, Poland found the highest rank and is known as the best-performing country. In between, Iran ranked 13th, reflecting Iran's relatively poor performance against other countries.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Road Safety Pillars
  • Outranking Methods
  • Road Safety Management System
  • Road Safety Performance Indicators

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