اولویت بندی شاخصه‌های TOD با استفاده از روش تصمیم سلسله‌مراتبی برای نمونه موردی کلانشهر تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، دانشکده عمران، آب و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه هنر و معماری پارس، تهران، ایران

3 دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

10.22034/tri.2021.117577

چکیده

در کلانشهر تهران در سالهای اخیر، شهر با رشد فزایندهای در تصرف اتومبیل شخصی قرارگرفته و گرایش مردم به استفاده از وسیله نقلیه شخصی افزایش یافته است. لیکن این وظیفه مدیران شهری، کارشناسان و تصمیم سازان است که شهرها و محلات را به گونه ای طراحی نمایند که استفاده از سیستم حمل ونقل عمومی چنان گزینه مطمئن و قابل اعتمادی باشد که شهروندان را به کمتر راندن اتومبیل‌های شخصی و استفاده از سیستم حمل‌ونقل همگانی تشویق نماید. یکی از ساسیتها و راهکارهای موثر در کاهش تراکم ترافیک استفاده از سیستم حمل و نقلی و توسعه مبتنی بر حمل و نقل همگانی (TOD) است. مطابق با ادبیات TOD دارای دو بعد اصلی حمل و نقلی و شهرسازی است که با توجه به وضعیت کنونی شهر تهران به نظر میرسد نقش حمل ونقلی TOD مهمتر از نقش شهرسازی در تهران است. در این تحقیق برای نمونه موردی شهر تهران شاخص‌های TOD استخراج و اولویت‌بندی می‌شوند. در این راستا اقدام به طراحی پرسشنامه و پرسشگری از چهل نفر از متخصصین شهری شد و شاخص‌های TOD با استفاده از روش تصمیم سلسله مراتبی وزن‌دهی شد. نتایج نشان می‌دهد که شاخص‌های دسترسی وقابلیت دسترسی، قابلیت دوچرخه سواری وپیاده روی، سیستم حمل ونقل همگانی کاربر دوست، وجود پارکینگ در ایستگاه، ظرفیت استفاده از حمل ونقل همگانی، توسعه اقتصادی، چگالی و اختلاط کاربری به ترتیب در اولویت قرار گرفتند که نقش شاخص‌های حمل و نقلی پررنگتر است. نتایج تحقیق می‌تواند یک راهنما برای مدیران شهری در جهت شناسایی و اتخاذ اقدامات مناسب برای توسعه TOD باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Prioritizing TOD Indices Using analytic hierarchy process for the case of Tehran Metropolis

نویسندگان [English]

  • Alireza Mahpour 1
  • Pejman Amiri 2
  • Iman ّFarzin 3
1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
2 M.Sc.,Student, College of Arts and Architecture, Tehran, Iran.
3 Department of civil and environment engineering, Tarbiat Modares university
چکیده [English]

In the metropolis of Tehran in recent years, the city has been increasingly occupied with personal cars and the tendency of people to use personal vehicles has increased. But it is the task of city managers, experts, and decision makers to design cities and neighborhoods so that the use of public transport is such a reliable and reliable option that citizens are less likely to drive their own cars and use the transportation system. To encourage the public. One of the most effective solutions to reduce traffic congestion is the use of public transportation and TOD. According to TOD literature, there are two main aspects of transportation and urban planning which, considering the current situation in Tehran, it seems that the role of TOD transportation is more important than the role of urban planning in Tehran. In this study, TOD indices are extracted and prioritized for the Tehran sample. In this regard, questionnaires and questionnaires were designed by forty urban experts and TOD indices were weighted using hierarchical decision method. The results show that accessibility and accessibility indices, cycling and walking capability, user-friendly public transportation system, parking at the station, public transport capacity utilization, economic development, density and user mixing are respectively priorities. They found that the role of transport indicators is more pronounced. The results of the research can be a guide for urban managers in identifying and adopting appropriate measures for TOD development.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • analytic hierarchy process
  • Prioritizing TOD Indices
  • Tehran

مراجع

-"راهنمای طراحی شهری در حوزه های متأثر از حمل ونقل عمومی در شهر تهران با رویکرد TOD"، (1396)، مرکز مطالعات و برنامه­ریزی شهر تهران.
-Arrington, G.B., (2009), “Portland's TOD Evolution: from Planning to Lifestyle. In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen. Ashgate e-Book, pp.109–124.
-Balz, V., Schrijnen, J., (2009), “From Concept to Projects: Stedenbaan”, the Netherlands. In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., -Bertolini, L., (Eds.), “Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen”, Ashgate e-Book, pp.75–90.
-Bertolini, L., (1999), “Spatial development pattern and public transport: the application of an analytical model in The Netherlands”, Planning Practice & Research 14, pp.199–210.
-Cascetta, E., Pagliara, F., (2008), “Integrated railways-based policies: the Regional Metro System (RMS) project of Naples and Campania”, Transport Policy, 15.
-Cascetta, E., Pagliara, F., (2009), “Rail friendly transport and land-use policies: the case of the regional metro system of Naples and Campania”, in Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen.
-Cervero, R., Murakami, J., (2009), “Rail and property development in Hong Kong: experiences and extensions, Urban Studies 46”, pp.2019–2043.
-Chorus, P., (2009), “Transit- oriented development in Tokyo: the public sector shapes favorable conditions, the private sector makes it happen”, In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen. Ashgate eBook, pp.209–224.
-Chorus, P., Bertolini, L., (2011), “An application of the node place model to explore the spatial development dynamics of station areas in Tokyo”, The Journal of Transport and Land Use, 4, pp.45–58.
-CTOD, (2013), “Transit-oriented development typology strategy for Allegheny County”, Curtis, C., 2009.
-Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L., (2009a), “Introduction. In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen, Ashgate eBook, pp.3–12.
-Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L., (2009b), “Transit- Oriented Development: Making It Happen, Ashgate e-Book, Delta Metropolis Association, 2014, SprintCity Update 6. Delta Metropolis Association.
-Evans, J.E., Pratt, R.H., (2007), “Transit Oriented Development, Transit Cooperative Research Program (TCRP) Report 95: Traveler Response to Transportation System Changes Handbook, 3 ed”, Transport Research Board of the National Academies, U.S.A, 17, (11) (−17)(138).
-Howe, A., Glass, G., Curtis, C., 2009. Retrofitting TOD and Managing the Impacts: the Case of Subi Centro. In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen, Ashgate
e-Book, pp.65–74.
-Kamruzzaman, M., Baker, D., Washington, S., Turrell, G., (2014), “Advance transit-oriented development typology: case study in Brisbane, Australia”, Journal of Transport Geography 34, pp.54–70.
-Lindau, L.A., Hidalgo, D., Facchini, D., (2010), “Bus rapid transit in Curitiba, Brazil: a look at the outcome after 35 years of bus-oriented development”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transport Research Board,
pp.17–27.
-Loo, B.P.Y., Chen, C., Chan, E.T.H., (2010), “Rail-based transit-oriented development: Lessons from New York City and Hong Kong”, Landscape Urban Plan 97, pp.202–212.
-Nasri, A., Zhang, L., (2014), “The analysis of transit-oriented development (TOD) in Washington, D.C. and Baltimore metropolitan areas”, Transport Policy 34, pp.172–179.
-Newman, P., (2009), “Planning for transit oriented development: strategic principles. In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen, Ashgate e-Book, pp.13–22.
-Papa, E., Bertolini, L., (2015), “Accessibility and transit-oriented development in European metropolitan areas”, Journal of Transport Geography 47, pp.70–83.
-Parker, T., McKeever, M., Arrington, G., Smith-Heimer, J., (2002), “Statewide Transit Oriented Development Study: Factors for Success in California”.
-Renne, J.L., (2007), “Measuring the Performance of Transit Oriented Development in Western Australia”, Planning and Transport Research Centre and Institute for Sustainability and Technology Policy, Murdoch University.
-Renne, J.L., (2009a), “Evaluating
transit-oriented development using a sustainability framework: lessons from Perth's Network City”, In: Tsenkova, S. (Ed.), Planning Sustainable Communities: Diversity of Approaches and Implementation Challenges. University of Calgary, Canada.
-Renne, J.L., (2009b), “From transit-adjacent to transit-oriented development, Local Environment 14”, pp.1–15.
-Renne, J.L., (2009c), “Measuring the success of transit oriented development”, In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L. (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen. Ashgate e-Book, pp.241–257.
-Reusser, D.E., Loukopoulos, P., Stauffacher, M., Scholz, R.W., (2008), “Classifying railway stations for sustainable transitions - balancing node and place functions”, Jounal of Transport Geography 16, pp.191–202.
-Ritsema van Eck, J., Koomen, E., (2008), “Characterizing urban concentration and land-use diversity in simulations of future land use”, The Annals of Regional Science, 42, pp.123–140.
-Saaty, T.L., (1988), “What is the analytic hierarchy process? In Mathematical models for decision support, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 109-121.
-Schlossberg, M., Brown, N., (2004), “Comparing transit-oriented development sites by walkability indicators”, Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, pp.34–42.
-Singh, Y.J., Fard, P., Zuidgeest, M.H.P., Brussel, M., Van Maarseveen, M.F.A.M., (2014), “Measuring transit oriented development: a spatial multi-criteria assessment approach for the City Region Arnhem and Nijmegen”, Journal of Transport Geography 35, pp.130–143.
-Thomas, R., Bertolini, L., (2014), “Beyond the case study dilemma in urban planning: Using a meta-matrix to distil critical success factors in transit-oriented development”, Urban Policy and Research, 32, pp.219–237.
-Thomas, R., Bertolini, L., (2015), “Defining critical success factors in TOD implementation using rough set analysis Journal of Transport and Land Use”.
-Yang, P.P., Lew, S.H., (2009), “An Asian Model of TOD: the planning integration in Singapore”,
In: Curtis, C., Renne, J.L., Bertolini, L., (Eds.), Transit Oriented Development: Making it Happen, Ashgate e-Book, pp.91–108.
-Zemp, S., Stauffacher, M., Lang, D.J., Scholz, R.W., (2011), “Classifying railway stations for strategic transport and land use planning: Context matters”, Journal of Transport Geography 19, pp.670–679.

فایل ها

هم رسانی

ارجاع به این مقاله

آمار