پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل

پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل

بررسی الگوی تصادفات در وضعیت مه گرفتگی و عوامل مرتبط با آن در شمال ایران در سال‌های 1393-1397.

نوع مقاله : یادداشت پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی موثر بر سلامت، انستیتو تروما، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 دانش آموخته دکترا، دانشکده پزشکی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان، رشت، ایران
3 مربی، دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی لنگرود، رشت، ایران
4 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات تروما جاده‌ای، انستیتو تروما، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گیلان، رشت، ایران
چکیده
 شرایط اقلیمی همواره تاثیر بسیاری بر روی کیفیت رانندگی و بالتبع خسارت، جراحت و مرگ و میر حوادث ترافیکی می­گذارد،
در این بین شرایط، مه گرفتگی به علت وقوع ناگهانی و کاهش دید رانندگان به عنوان شرایط جوی مخاطره­آمیز نیاز به بررسی و مطالعه بیشتر دارد. هدف تعیین الگوی تصادفات در وضعیت مه گرفتگی و تعیین ارتباط عوامل مربوط به راننده، جاده و تصادف با آسیب در استان گیلان در سال­های 1393-1397 بود. در این مطالعه توصیفی- تحلیلی گذشته­نگر، تمام حوادث ترافیکی بوقوع پیوسته در سال­های 1393 تا 1397 در استان گیلان در وضعیت مه تحت بررسی قرار گرفته و کلیه داده­ها وارد نرم­افزار STATA شدند و تخمین زننده سری زمانی به­صورت مدل رگرسیونی چند متغیره برای وجود و یا عدم وجود رابطه بین متغیرهای مطالعه مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. در هوای مه آلود میزان مرگ و میر حوادث ترافیکی به طور معنی­داری بیشتر از سایر وضعیت­های آب و هوایی بود( 471/1 = IRR). با افزایش سن احتمال مرگ و میر در مه کاهش و در رانندگان زن احتمال مرگ به طور چشمگیری افزایش یافته بود(001/0=p). بیشترین تصادفات در هوای مه آلود به ترتیب در ماه­های دی 0.000p =، بهمن 001/0p = و آبان 012/0p = بود ولی در ماه­های خرداد، تیر، مرداد و شهریور تصادف در هوای مه آلود به طور معنی­داری کمتر بود. با توجه به این امر که در وضعیت مه میزان مرگ و میر به طور معنی­داری بیشتر از سایر وضعیت­های آب و هوایی بود، هشدار و اطلاع رسانی به عموم مردم ضروری است. ضمنا در برنامه­های آموزشی ترافیکی، رانندگان زن و رانندگان کم سن، باید به عنوان گروه هدف برنامه­ها قرار گیرند. به علاوه، مداخلات پیشگیرانه باید بیشتر در ماه­های آبان، دی و بهمن و درشهرستان­های انزلی و رشت انجام شود.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

The Pattern of traffic accident in Fog and the Related Factors in North of Iran in 2014-2018

نویسندگان English

Enayatollah Homaie Rad 1
Hannaneh Shafei Kouhestani 2
Zohreh Salmalian 3
Leila Kouchakinejad-Eramsadati 4
1 Social Determinants of Health Research Center‌,Trauma Institute, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
2 School of medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
3 Department of Nursing, Langroud School of Nursing and Midwifery, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
4 Guilan Road Trauma Research Center, Trauma Institute, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
چکیده English

Climatic conditions always have a great impact on the quality of driving and consequently the damage, injury and death of traffic accidents, among these conditions, fog due to sudden occurrence and reduced visibility of drivers as dangerous weather conditions need to be investigated and Read more. This study aimed at determining the pattern of accidents in fog and the relationship between driver, road, and accident with injury level in, Guilan from 2014 to 2018.
This is a retrospective descriptive-analytical study that investigated all accidents that had occurred in Guilan from 2014 to 2018. All of the data were entered into STATA software. The time-series estimators were used as the multivariate regression model for the presence or absence of any relationship between variables. The likelihood of fatalities in fog decreased with age while it increased when drivers were female (p = 0.001). Most of the accidents in fog condition had occurred in December (p=0.000), February (p=0.001) and November (p=0.012). The number of related injuries at 2 AM (p = 0.032), 3 AM (p = 0.019), and 2 PM (p = 0.02) significantly reduced. Moreover, the rate of mortality at 2 AM (p = 0.005), 9 AM (p = 0.012), 11 AM (p = 0.004), 13 PM (p = 0.008) and 19 PM (p = 0.003) were significantly lower. Due to the fact that the death rate was significantly higher in fog conditions than in other weather conditions, it is necessary to warn and inform the public. Also, in traffic education programs, female drivers and young drivers should be included as the target group of the programs. In addition, preventive interventions should be done mostly in the months of November, January and February and in the cities of Anzali and Rasht.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Trauma
Traffic Accidents
Fog
Injury
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