پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل

پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل

ارزیابی اثرات محیط ساخته شده بر نرخ سفرسازی کاربری­های تجاری فرا منطقه‌ای (نمونه موردی: شهر مشهد)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دوره دکتری، گروه عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 استادیار، گروه عمران، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
بررسی اثرات ترافیکی یک کاربری در محدوده احداث آن مستلزم برآورد سفرهای انجام شده به آن کاربری بوده و این مرحله از مهم‌ترین بخش‌های مطالعات عارضه سنجی ترافیکی کاربری‌ها محسوب می‌شود. مراجع معتبر من جمله آئین نامه ایجاد سفر­، برای محاسبه میزان تولید و جذب سفربه یک کاربری غالبا متغیرهایی مانند مساحت کل، مساحت زیر بنا، تعداد کارمند، تعداد اتاق و غیره (عوامل فیزیکی کاربری) را درنظر میگیرند. تحقیقات انجام شده نشان می‌دهند که ایجاد و رفتار سفر شهری یک کاربری به عوامل دیگری نیز بستگی دارد که از جمله این عوامل می‌توان به محیط ساخته شده و عوامل اجتماعی-اقتصادی اشاره کرد که بسته به نوع کاربری تاثیرات آنها متفاوت است. درمیان انواع کاربری، کاربری­های تجاری بدلیل مراجعات مردم برای خرید معمولا نرخ ایجاد سفر بیشتری نسبت به سایر کاربری­ها دارند بطوریکه مشکلات ترافیکی در محدوده احداث آنها بیشتر از سایر کاربری­هاست. در این تحقیق تاثیر عوامل محیط ساخته شده بر رفتار سفر کاربری­های تجاری مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. در ابتدا سعی شده بر اساس پیشینه مطالعات عوامل محیط ساخته شده در محدوده احداث کاربری شناسائی و سپس با استفاده از رگرسیون خطی که ابزاری توانمند برای کشف تاثیر و روابط بین متغیرهاست، تاثیر این عوامل بر ایجاد سفر کاربری کنترل و تعیین شود. با توجه به اینکه ایجاد سفر یک کاربری علاوه بر نوع آن به مقیاس عملکردی آن نیز دارد، در این تحقیق کاربری­های تجاری با مقیاس عملکرد فرامنطقه ای انتخاب شدند. نتایج بدست آمده این تحقیق بر روی 33 کاربری با مقیاس عملکرد فرامنطقه ای تجاری کلانشهر مشهد نشان می‌دهد که متوسط سفرهای ساعتی کاربرهای تجاری، متأثر از ویژیگی­های محیط ساخته شده مانند تراکم تعداد ایستگاه­های اتوبوس، تراکم  واحد کسبی در طول معابر و سطح ناحیه اطراف کاربری است.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

Assessment of the Impacts of Built Environment Characteristics on Trip Generation Rates of Trans-regional Commercial Land Uses (Case Study: Mashhad City)

نویسندگان English

Ramin آهوی 1
Abbas Babazadeh 2
Ali Naderan 3
1 Ph.D., Student, Department of Civil Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SR.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Assessing the traffic impacts of a specific land use at its establishment site requires estimating the trips generated by that land use, which is a critical component of traffic impact studies. Standard guidelines, such as the Trip Generation Manual, often consider physical attributes of the land use—such as total area, floor area, number of employees, or number of rooms—for calculating trip generation and attraction rates. However, studies have demonstrated that urban trip generation and behavior are influenced by other factors as well, including built environment characteristics and socio-economic factors, which vary depending on the type of land use. Among different land uses, commercial land uses typically generate higher trip rates due to frequent visits by shoppers, often causing more significant traffic issues in their vicinity compared to other land uses.  This study investigates the impact of built environment factors on trip generation behavior for commercial land uses. Initially, built environment factors around the development site were identified based on previous studies. Then, linear regression analysis, a robust tool for discovering the influence and relationships between variables, was used to analyze the impact of these factors on trip generation. Considering that trip generation for a land use depends not only on its type but also on its functional scale, this research focuses on commercial land uses with transregional-scale functionality. The results of this study, conducted on 33 regional-scale commercial land uses in the metropolitan area of Mashhad, indicate that the average hourly trips generated by commercial land uses are influenced by built environment characteristics such as the density of bus stops, the density of business units in the area, the density of business units along streets, and the land area allocated to the land use. Among these factors, except for the parameter of business unit density along the streets of an area, all other parameters have a positive impact on the average trips generated. The mentioned parameter is the only one where its increase in an area leads to a reduction in trip generation for the land use. Furthermore, the results indicate that among the built environment factors, the density of commercial units in the area has the most significant impact.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Trip Generation and Attraction
Built Environment Factors
Linear Regression
Metropolitan/Regional Commercial Land Uses
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