پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل

پژوهشنامه حمل و نقل

بررسی عملکرد مخلوط‌های آسفالتی حاوی دانه‌های رس منبسط شونده (لیکا) در دماهای بالا و متوسط

نوع مقاله : مقاله مروری

نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد آیت الله آملی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آمل، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد سوادکوه، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سوادکوه، ایران
3 گروه مهندسی عمران، واحدتهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
چکیده
روسازی‌های آسفالتی همواره در برابر شرایط محیطی و بارهای ترافیکی با چالش‌هایی چون شیارشدگی در دماهای بالا و ترک‌های خستگی در دماهای متوسط مواجه‌اند که موجب کاهش دوام، افت عملکرد و افزایش هزینه‌های نگهداری می‌شود. در مناطق گرم و خشک، این آسیب‌ها شدت بیشتری یافته و عملکرد بلندمدت روسازی را تحت تأثیر قرار می‌دهند. یکی از رویکردهای نوین در مهندسی روسازی، استفاده از سنگدانه‌های سبک مصنوعی مانند دانه‌های رس منبسط‌شونده (لیکا) است. ویژگی‌هایی نظیر وزن کم، ساختار متخلخل، ظرفیت گرمایی ویژه و مقاومت مطلوب در برابر شرایط محیطی، لیکا را به گزینه‌ای مناسب برای بهبود عملکرد مخلوط‌های آسفالتی تبدیل کرده است. نتایج پژوهش‌های آزمایشگاهی و میدانی نشان می‌دهد جایگزینی بخشی از مصالح معمولی با لیکا، موجب کاهش شیارشدگی، افزایش مقاومت حرارتی و رطوبتی، بهبود اصطکاک سطح و کاهش صدای ناشی از ترافیک می‌شود. همچنین خاصیت عایق حرارتی لیکا از نفوذ یخبندان به لایه‌های زیرین جلوگیری کرده و عمر مفید روسازی را افزایش می‌دهد. افزون بر این، استفاده از لیکا به کاهش مصرف منابع طبیعی، انرژی حمل‌ونقل و اثرات زیست‌محیطی منفی کمک کرده است. با این حال، چالش‌هایی مانند جذب بالای قیر، افزایش هزینه تولید و ضرورت تعیین درصد بهینه جایگزینی همچنان مطرح است. مطالعات اخیر، ترکیب لیکا با نانوذرات و مواد پلیمری را روشی مؤثر برای بهبود رفتار مکانیکی و دوام مخلوط‌ها معرفی کرده‌اند. این مقاله با مرور و تحلیل جامع پژوهش‌های پیشین، به بررسی مزایا، محدودیت‌ها و مسیرهای آینده استفاده از لیکا در مخلوط‌های آسفالتی اصلاح‌شده می‌پردازد.
کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله English

A Review on the Performance of Asphalt Mixtures Containing Expanded Clay Aggregate (LECA) at High and Medium Temperatures

نویسندگان English

Ghasem Tahmouresi 1
Mohsen Amouzadeh Omrani 2
hassan divandari 3
Ali Seyedkazemi 1
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Am.C., Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran
2 Department of Civil Engineering, Savadkooh Branch, Islamic Azad University, Savadkooh, Iran
3 Department of Civil Engineering, CT.C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

Asphalt pavements constantly face challenges caused by environmental conditions and traffic loads, such as rutting at high temperatures and fatigue cracking at moderate temperatures, which reduce durability, performance, and increase maintenance costs. These distresses become more severe in hot and arid regions, significantly affecting the long-term performance of pavements. One of the innovative approaches in pavement engineering is the use of artificial lightweight aggregates such as expanded clay (LECA). Due to its low weight, porous structure, specific heat capacity, and high resistance to environmental factors, LECA has become an attractive material for improving asphalt mixture performance. Laboratory and field studies have demonstrated that replacing part of conventional aggregates with LECA can significantly reduce rutting, enhance thermal and moisture resistance, improve surface friction, and decrease traffic noise. Moreover, the insulating property of LECA prevents frost penetration into the lower layers, thereby extending the pavement service life. In addition, the use of LECA helps reduce the consumption of natural resources, transportation energy, and adverse environmental impacts. However, challenges such as high bitumen absorption, increased production costs, and the need to determine the optimal replacement percentage still remain. Recent studies have suggested combining LECA with nanomaterials and polymers as an effective strategy to enhance mechanical behavior and durability. This paper provides a comprehensive review and analysis of previous research, focusing on the benefits, limitations, and future research directions for the application of LECA in modified asphalt mixtures.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Expanded Clay Aggregates (LECA)
Fatigue Behavior
Rutting Behavior
Nanoparticles
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